|
Size: 494
Comment:
|
Size: 5140
Comment: Rewrite
|
| Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
| Line 3: | Line 3: |
| '''Francia''' was a kingdom in western Europe. [[Europe/CarolingianDynasty#Charlemagne|Charlemagne]] raised it to the Carolingian Empire and then divided it between his three sons. | '''Francia''' was a kingdom in western Europe. |
| Line 5: | Line 5: |
| While [[Europe/MiddleFrancia|Middle Francia]] was short-lived, [[Europe/EastFrancia|East Francia]] became the foundation of [[Germany]] and [[Europe/WestFrancia|West Francia]] became the foundation of [[France]]. | |
| Line 12: | Line 11: |
== Composition == == Dynasties == === Merovingian === The '''Merovingian dyntasty''' emerged from the '''Salians''', one of the Frankish tribes. '''Clovis I''' united all tribes and vassalized neighboring kingdoms. However, he split his kingdom between his sons, and it was over 150 years before anyone reigned as king over all Franks again. There was an interregnum following the death of '''Theuderic IV''', during with '''Charles Martel''' ruled as prince. ||'''Monarchs'''||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''|| ||Clovis I ||Hlōdowig ||481 - 511 || ||Theuderic III ||Thierry ||673 - 691 || ||Clovis IV || ||691 - 695 || ||Childebert III|| ||695 - 711 || ||Dagobert III || ||711 - 715 || ||Chilperic II || ||715 - 721 || ||Theuderic IV || ||721 - 737 || ||Childeric III || ||741 - 751 || === Carolingian === The '''Carolingian dynasty''' was established by '''Charles Martel'''. As the '''mayor of the palace''', he was the effective ruler of the kingdom since 715. He claimed for himself the title of '''duke and prince of the Franks'''. Furthermore, following the death of '''Theuderic IV''' in 737, he declined to appoint a new king and ruled directly. Upon Charles' death, '''Childeric III''' was recognized as king, returning the kingdom to the prior structure. Charles' son, '''Pepin the Short''', however deposed Childeric in 751. '''Louis''' divided his kingdom between his sons: Lothair, Pepin (whom Louis outlived), Louis, and Charles. ||'''Monarchs''' ||'''Reign'''|| ||Charles Martel ||737 - 741 || ||Pépin ||751 - 768 || ||Charles I, a.k.a. Charlemagne||768 - 814 || ||Louis ||813 - 840 || ---- |
|
| Line 13: | Line 60: |
The '''Franks''' were a set of allied Germanic tribes that settled along the Rhine. The king of the '''Salians''', '''Clovis''', consolidated power to establish a '''kingdom of the Franks''' with a capital in [[France/Paris|Paris]]. By 486 he conquered the '''kingdom of Soissons''', a late [[WorldHistory/RomanEmpire|Roman]] kingdom that emerged from the '''diocese of Gaul'''. He united all Frankish tribes, and expanded into the territory of the neighboring '''Alemanni''' (alternatively ''Alamanni'') tribes. He vassalized the '''kingdom of the Burgundians''' (or '''first kingdom of Burgundy'''). He repeatedly warred with the '''Visigothic Kingdom''' and seized the northern half of their territory. The Frankish kingdom then split into four: '''Aquitaine''', '''Neustria''', '''Austrasia''', and '''Burgundy''' (a '''second kingdom of Burgundy'''). These kingdoms were generally administered by '''mayors of the palace''' rather than the ceremonial kings. The most powerful such mayors were '''Pippin of Herstal''' and his son '''Charles Martel'''. Pippin was the mayor of Austrasia first and foremost, but successfully united the Frankish kingdoms. Charles claimed the title '''duke and prince of the Franks''' for himself; he conquered the '''kingdom of Frisia'''; and he vassalized the remaining tribes of Alamannia, the '''duchy of Thuringia''', and the '''duchy of Bavaria'''. He also repelled the invasion force of the '''Umayyad Caliphate'''. Charles's son, '''Pépin the Short''', negotiated a deal with [[WorldHistory/CatholicChurch|Pope Zachary]]. He converted to Christianity, defended [[Italy/Rome|Rome]] from the rising '''Lombard Kingdom''', and [[WorldHistory/CatholicChurch/PapalStates|a series of small Italian realms]] were ceded to the papacy. In return '''Childeric III''' was assassinated, and Pépin was crowned king. Pépin's son, '''Charlemagne''', conquered Lombardy, the '''Saxon''' tribes, and the '''kingdom of Brittany'''. He attempted to expand into the '''Avar Khaganate''' and Umayyad Caliphate, without much success. He established the [[Austria/Monarchs#Duchy_of_Austria|Avar Marches]] to defend the border. Much of his reign was spent suppressing internal rebellions, especially in Aquitaine, Lombardy, Bavaria, and Saxony. He convinced [[WorldHistory/CatholicChurch|Leo III]] to crown him '''emperor of Rome''', on account of [[WorldHistory/ByzantineEmpire/Irene|Irene]] (a woman) rising to the imperial throne. '''Louis''' appointed his sons to the constituent royal titles, and intended to divide his kingdom between them. * '''Lothair I''' was apportioned [[WorldHistory/MiddleFrancia|Middle Francia]], and furthermore was intended to be the overlord of all Francia. Upon the death of his cousin, '''Bernard''', he directly ruled [[Italy/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Italy|Italy]]. * '''Pepin''' was given Aquitaine, but died before Louis. Louis then re-apportioned [[WorldHistory/WestFrancia|West Francia]] to '''Charles'''. * '''Louis II''', also known as '''Louis the German''', was apportioned [[WorldHistory/EastFrancia|East Francia]]. |
|
| Line 17: | Line 77: |
| CategoryRicottone | CategoryRicottone CategoryState |
Francia
Francia was a kingdom in western Europe.
Contents
Composition
Dynasties
Merovingian
The Merovingian dyntasty emerged from the Salians, one of the Frankish tribes.
Clovis I united all tribes and vassalized neighboring kingdoms. However, he split his kingdom between his sons, and it was over 150 years before anyone reigned as king over all Franks again.
There was an interregnum following the death of Theuderic IV, during with Charles Martel ruled as prince.
Monarchs |
Local Name |
Reign |
Clovis I |
Hlōdowig |
481 - 511 |
Theuderic III |
Thierry |
673 - 691 |
Clovis IV |
|
691 - 695 |
Childebert III |
|
695 - 711 |
Dagobert III |
|
711 - 715 |
Chilperic II |
|
715 - 721 |
Theuderic IV |
|
721 - 737 |
Childeric III |
|
741 - 751 |
Carolingian
The Carolingian dynasty was established by Charles Martel. As the mayor of the palace, he was the effective ruler of the kingdom since 715. He claimed for himself the title of duke and prince of the Franks. Furthermore, following the death of Theuderic IV in 737, he declined to appoint a new king and ruled directly.
Upon Charles' death, Childeric III was recognized as king, returning the kingdom to the prior structure. Charles' son, Pepin the Short, however deposed Childeric in 751.
Louis divided his kingdom between his sons: Lothair, Pepin (whom Louis outlived), Louis, and Charles.
Monarchs |
Reign |
Charles Martel |
737 - 741 |
Pépin |
751 - 768 |
Charles I, a.k.a. Charlemagne |
768 - 814 |
Louis |
813 - 840 |
History
The Franks were a set of allied Germanic tribes that settled along the Rhine. The king of the Salians, Clovis, consolidated power to establish a kingdom of the Franks with a capital in Paris. By 486 he conquered the kingdom of Soissons, a late Roman kingdom that emerged from the diocese of Gaul. He united all Frankish tribes, and expanded into the territory of the neighboring Alemanni (alternatively Alamanni) tribes. He vassalized the kingdom of the Burgundians (or first kingdom of Burgundy). He repeatedly warred with the Visigothic Kingdom and seized the northern half of their territory.
The Frankish kingdom then split into four: Aquitaine, Neustria, Austrasia, and Burgundy (a second kingdom of Burgundy). These kingdoms were generally administered by mayors of the palace rather than the ceremonial kings. The most powerful such mayors were Pippin of Herstal and his son Charles Martel. Pippin was the mayor of Austrasia first and foremost, but successfully united the Frankish kingdoms. Charles claimed the title duke and prince of the Franks for himself; he conquered the kingdom of Frisia; and he vassalized the remaining tribes of Alamannia, the duchy of Thuringia, and the duchy of Bavaria. He also repelled the invasion force of the Umayyad Caliphate.
Charles's son, Pépin the Short, negotiated a deal with Pope Zachary. He converted to Christianity, defended Rome from the rising Lombard Kingdom, and a series of small Italian realms were ceded to the papacy. In return Childeric III was assassinated, and Pépin was crowned king.
Pépin's son, Charlemagne, conquered Lombardy, the Saxon tribes, and the kingdom of Brittany. He attempted to expand into the Avar Khaganate and Umayyad Caliphate, without much success. He established the Avar Marches to defend the border. Much of his reign was spent suppressing internal rebellions, especially in Aquitaine, Lombardy, Bavaria, and Saxony. He convinced Leo III to crown him emperor of Rome, on account of Irene (a woman) rising to the imperial throne.
Louis appointed his sons to the constituent royal titles, and intended to divide his kingdom between them.
Lothair I was apportioned Middle Francia, and furthermore was intended to be the overlord of all Francia. Upon the death of his cousin, Bernard, he directly ruled Italy.
Pepin was given Aquitaine, but died before Louis. Louis then re-apportioned West Francia to Charles.
Louis II, also known as Louis the German, was apportioned East Francia.