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| Stephen III was the eldest son and designated heir of '''Geza II'''. Early on his uncles '''Ladislaus II''' and '''Stephen IV''' made clear that they would contest the throne, and they joined the [[WorldHistory/ByzantineEmpire|Byzantine]] court in [[Turkey/Istanbul|Constantinople]]. | Stephen III was the eldest son and designated heir of '''Géza II'''. Early on his uncles '''Ladislaus II''' and '''Stephen IV''' made clear that they would contest the throne, and they joined the [[WorldHistory/ByzantineEmpire|Byzantine]] court in [[Turkey/Istanbul|Constantinople]]. |
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| After the death of '''Geza II''' on May 31, 1162, Stephen III was crowned as king. [[WorldHistory/ByzantineEmpire/ManuelI|Manuel I Komnenos]] invaded Hungary in an effort to install '''Stephen IV''' as king. Stephen III was forced to flee to [[Austria/Monarchs#Duchy_of_Austria|Austria]]. Manuel negotiated a compromise with local nobility; Hungary became a vassal but '''Ladislaus II''' was crowned instead. | After the death of '''Géza II''' on May 31, 1162, Stephen III was crowned as king. [[WorldHistory/ByzantineEmpire/ManuelI|Manuel I Komnenos]] invaded Hungary in an effort to install '''Stephen IV''' as king. Stephen III was forced to flee to [[Austria/Monarchs#Duchy_of_Austria|Austria]]. Manuel negotiated a compromise with local nobility; Hungary became a vassal but '''Ladislaus II''' was crowned instead. |
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| Ladislaus died on January 14, 1163 and Stephen IV was crowned as his successor. Stephen III returned to Hungary and quickly reclaimed the realm; by June [[Hungary/Szekesfehervar|Szekesfehervar]] was captured. He then negotiated for peace with Manuel. The kingdom remained a vassal. His brother '''Bela III''' went to the imperial court in [[Turkey/Istanbul|Constantinople]], became a protege of Manuel, and had his lands (duchy of [[Croatia/DalmatianCityStates|Dalmatia]], ''banate'' of [[BosniaHerzegovina/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Bosnia|Bosnia]], and ''voivodeship'' of [[Serbia/Monarchs#Grand_Principality_and_Kingdom_of_Serbia|Syrmia]]) ceded to the empire. Stephen would attempt to reclaim the ceded lands repeatedly, but the Byzantines repelled them all. Bela himself led a counterattack in 1166. |
Ladislaus died on January 14, 1163 and Stephen IV was crowned as his successor. Stephen III returned to Hungary and quickly reclaimed the realm; by June [[Hungary/Szekesfehervar|Szekesfehervar]] was captured. He then negotiated for peace with Manuel. The kingdom remained a vassal. [[Hungary/BelaIII|Béla III]] went to the imperial court in [[Turkey/Istanbul|Constantinople]], became a protege of Manuel, and had his lands ceded to the empire. Stephen would attempt to reclaim the ceded lands repeatedly, but the Byzantines repelled them all. Béla himself led a counterattack in 1166. |
Stephen III
Stephen III (Istvan) was the king of Hungary and Croatia.
Contents
History
Stephen III was the eldest son and designated heir of Géza II. Early on his uncles Ladislaus II and Stephen IV made clear that they would contest the throne, and they joined the Byzantine court in Constantinople.
Reign
After the death of Géza II on May 31, 1162, Stephen III was crowned as king. Manuel I Komnenos invaded Hungary in an effort to install Stephen IV as king. Stephen III was forced to flee to Austria. Manuel negotiated a compromise with local nobility; Hungary became a vassal but Ladislaus II was crowned instead.
Ladislaus died on January 14, 1163 and Stephen IV was crowned as his successor. Stephen III returned to Hungary and quickly reclaimed the realm; by June Szekesfehervar was captured. He then negotiated for peace with Manuel. The kingdom remained a vassal. Béla III went to the imperial court in Constantinople, became a protege of Manuel, and had his lands ceded to the empire. Stephen would attempt to reclaim the ceded lands repeatedly, but the Byzantines repelled them all. Béla himself led a counterattack in 1166.
Stephen died on March 4, 1172.
Legacy
The unsuccessful wars under Stephen and the political maneuvers of his rivals cemented Byzantine control over Bosnia and much of the Dalmatian coast.