Git
Git is a version control system designed to be used in a distributed ecosystem and primarily interfaced in a terminal (i.e. git(1)).
Contents
Installation
All Linux distributions offer a git package. Most BSD distributions do as well.
On Windows, see the Git for Windows project.
Usage
To begin tracking a directory, run git init. This creates a .git folder to maintain the internal state of the version control system.
Use git status to show the current state in a human-readable format.
Branches
For more information about using branches, see here.
Submodules
To clone a repository that uses submodules, try:
git clone --recurse-submodules [email protected]:example/example.git
Alternatively, submodules can be pulled in a separate step.
git clone [email protected]:example/example.git cd example git submodule update --init --recursive
To add a submodule, try:
git submodule add [email protected]:example/subexample
To delete a submodule, try:
git submodule deinit subexample
Troubleshooting
Fatal error when cloning a remote repository
If git fails to clone a remote repository, possibly with one of the following error messages:
fatal: fetch-pack: invalid index-pack output ... fatal: early EOF fatal: index-pack failed
Then try a shallow clone first:
git clone --depth 1 https://example.com/repo.git git fetch --unshallow git pull --all