Ottoman Eyalets
The Ottoman Empire was divided into eyalets (ایالت, literally "states") led by beylerbeys (بكلربكی, literally "bey of beys"). Sometimes eyalets were called beylerbeyliks instead. Note that pasha (پاشا, alternatively basha or paşa) was a military honor rather than an administrative title, but pasha who also were beylerbeys sometimes referred to their realms as pashaliks.
Eyalets were subdivided into sanjak (سنجاق, literally "flag") led by sanjak-beys (سنجاق بك, alternatively sanjaq- or -beg).
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Rumelia
The most powerful eyalet was Rumelia, encompassing all European lands of the empire. (Essentially the Balkans.) Until the capture of Constantinople, Adrianople served as the capital of both Rumelia and the empire.
Rumelia was reformed into the vilayet of Salonica in 1867.