= Cieszyn Silesia = '''Cieszyn Silesia''' is a historic region in modern [[Czechia]] and [[Poland]]. It is a subregion of [[Poland/Monarchs#Duchies_of_Silesia|Silesia]]. <> ---- == Name == The [[Poland|Polish]] term for this region is Cieszyn Silesia (''Śląsk Cieszyński''). In [[Germany|German]] and [[Czechia|Czech]], the name is spelled more like Teschen (''Teschener Schlesien'' and ''Těšínské Slezsko'' respectively). The Czech portion is named Trans-Olza, after the Olza River running through. ---- == History == The '''duchy of Racibórz''' was formed by [[WorldHistory/HolyRomanEmpire/FrederickI|Frederick Barbarossa]] for Mieszko IV. A personal union briefly established the '''duchy of Opole and Raciborz'''. This was partitioned by his grandsons and great grandsons, establishing (among others) the '''duchy of Cieszyn'''. When [[Germany/FrederickII|Frederick the Great]] claimed most of Silesia in the Silesian Wars, Teschen notably was retained by the [[Austria/Monarchs#Austrian_Empire|Austrian Empire]] and was incorporated as an Austrian Silesia crownland. Following World War 1, [[Poland/JozefPilsudski|Poland]] invaded and occupied Cieszyn. [[Czechia/TomasMasaryk|Czechoslovakia]] launched a counter invasion. Both were already involved in unrelated land wars (against [[Ukraine/Democratization#Dissolution_of_Empires|Ukraine]] and [[Hungary/MiklosHorthy|Hungary]]). The [[WorldHistory/SpaConference|Spa Conference]] arbitrarily partitioned the region in July 1920. The Czech side became '''Trans-Olza'''. As a part of the [[WorldHistory/MunichAgreement|Munich Agreement]], [[Poland/IgnacyMoscicki|Poland]] took Trans-Olza. Following the invasion of Poland and launch of World War 2, [[Germany/AdolfHitler|Germany]] annexed it. In 1958, [[Poland/WladyslawGomulka|Poland]] and [[Czechia/AntoninNovotny|Czechoslovakia]] agreed to the 1938 borders. ---- CategoryRicottone