Stata Looping

Stata offers several structures and commands for looping; select the one most appropriate for what is being looped over.

Literal List

To iterate over tokens in a literal list, try:

foreach localname in a b c {
  replace string = subinstr(string, "`a'", "-", .)
}

Local Macro List

To iterate over tokens in a local macro, try:

levelsof GROUPVAR, local(groups_of_GROUPVAR)

foreach localname of local groups_of_GROUPVAR {
  generate group = `localname'
}

Global Macro List

To iterate over tokens in a global macro, try:

global CLOSED_COHORTS="1 2 3"

foreach localname of global COHORTS {
  assert complete==1 if cohort==`localname'
}

Variable List

To iterate over a list of variables, try:

foreach localname of varlist VAR1-VAR9 {
  assert `localname' != .
}

Note that _all can be substituted for * to mean 'all variables.

New Variable List

To iterate over a list of new variables, try:

foreach localname of newlist VAR1-VAR9 {
  generate `localname' = .
}

Number List

to iterate over a number list, try:

foreach localname of numlist 1/9 {
  count if VAR==`localname'
}

Note that the syntax for number lists includes:

• a b c (a literal number list)

• a,b,c (same as above)

• a/b (a range of a to b, which can be ascending or descending)

• a to b (same as above)

• a(i)b (a range of a to b increasing or decreasing in increments of i, which can be positive or negative, integer or decimal)

• a[i]b (same as above)

• and any combination of the above

ForValues

An alternate syntax for iterating over number values is:

forvalues localname = 1/9 {
  count if VAR==`localname'
}

The rules for forvalues number lists are:

• a/b (a range of a to b, which can be ascending or descending)

• a(i)b (a range of a to b increasing or decreasing in increments of i, which can be positive or negative, integer or decimal)

• a b to c (a range of a to c increasing or decreasing in increments of b-a)

• a b : c (same as above)

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