= SPSS Crosstabs =

The '''`CROSSTABS`''' command creates a cross-tabulation.

<<TableOfContents>>

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== Usage ==

{{{
crosstabs /tables=foo by bar.
}}}

To create a series of tables with `foo` as the row-wise variable in each, try:

{{{
crosstabs /tables=foo by ham spam eggs.
}}}

To create an N-dimensional table, try:

{{{
crosstabs /tables=foo by bar by baz.
}}}

Multiple `/TABLES` subcommands are allowed.

{{{

crosstabs /tables=foo by bar
  /tables=foo by baz.
}}}

=== Format ===

The default '''`/FORMAT`''' subcommand is `/FORMAT=TABLES AVALUE`. This causes SPSS to create tables (the alternative being `NOTABLES`) and sort values in ascending order (the alternative being `DVALUE`).



=== Cells ===

The default '''`/CELLS`''' subcommand is `/CELLS=COUNT`. This causes table cells to be populated with counts of observations.

Options are:

||'''Name'''  ||'''Effect'''                  ||
||`COUNT`     ||count                         ||
||`ROW`       ||row percent                   ||
||`COLUMN`    ||column percent                ||
||`TOTAL`     ||table percent                 ||
||`EXPECTED`  ||expected value                ||
||`RESIDUAL`  ||residual                      ||
||`SRESIDUAL` ||standardized residual         ||
||`ASRESIDUAL`||adjusted standardized residual||
||`ALL`       ||all of the above              ||
||`NONE`      ||display nothing               ||

If the `/CELLS` subcommand is specified without any options, the `COUNT`, `ROW`, `COLUMN`, and `TOTAL` options are selected automatically.



=== Count ===

By default, SPSS uses raw case weights without rounding for counting. Add the '''`/COUNT=ASIS`''' subcommand to explicitly allow this behavior.

To use rounding, first pick between '''`CASE`''' for rounding each case's weight before tabulating, and '''`CELL`''' for rounding the final tabulation. Then pick betwen '''`ROUND`''' for rounding to the nearest integer, and '''`TRUNCATE`''' for rounding towards 0. Add a subcommand with the specifications like `/COUNT=CELL ROUND`.

If either `CASE` or `CELL` are specified without `ROUND` or `TRUNCATE`, `ROUND` is selected automatically.



=== Statistics ===

The '''`/STATISTICS`''' subcommand causes statistics to be computed for the tabulated variables.

||'''Name'''||'''Effect'''                                                                                                  ||
||`CHISQ`   ||Pearson chi-square, likelihood ratio, Fisher's exact test, continuity correction, linear-by-linear association||
||`PHI`     ||phi                                                                                                           ||
||`CC`      ||contingency coefficient                                                                                       ||
||`LAMBDA`  ||lambda                                                                                                        ||
||`UC`      ||uncertainty coefficient                                                                                       ||
||`BTAU`    ||tau-b                                                                                                         ||
||`CTAU`    ||tau-c                                                                                                         ||
||`RISK`    ||risk estimate                                                                                                 ||
||`GAMMA`   ||gamma                                                                                                         ||
||`D`       ||Somers' d                                                                                                     ||
||`KAPPA`   ||Cohen’s kappa                                                                                                 ||
||`ETA`     ||eta                                                                                                           ||
||`CORR`    ||Spearman correlation, Pearson’s r                                                                             ||
||`ALL`     ||all of the above                                                                                              ||
||`NONE`    ||no statistics                                                                                                 ||

Even if selected, a statistic is only calculated when appropriate.

If the `/STATISTICS` subcommand is specified without any options, the `CHISQ` option is selected automatically.



=== Missing ===

By default, SPSS will exclude observations with a user missing value for a tabulated variable. Add the '''`/MISSING=TABLE`''' subcommand to explicitly allow this behavior, or add '''`/MISSING=INCLUDE`''' subcommand to disable it.

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== Data Model ==

The `CROSSTABS` command causes all pending transformations to execute, and reads the active dataset.

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== See also ==

[[https://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/manual/html_node/CROSSTABS.html|PSPP manual for CROSSTABS]]



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