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The '''Python programming language''' is an interpreted, duck-typed language.

On most platforms, the interpreter is called by '''`python(1)`'''. Some platforms distribute with version suffixes that may or may not be optional. The `py(1)` launcher is also available.
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== Standard Library ==



== Toolchain ==
== Example ==

A hello world program looks like:

{{{
def main():
    print("Hello, world")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
}}}

If using Python 2, the print command is instead a statement.

{{{
print "Hello, world"
}}}

To run the program, try:

{{{
python hello.py
# or
chmod 755 hello.py
./hello.py
}}}

----



== Tool chain ==

 * [[Python/Installation|Installation]]
 * [[Python/Pip|pip]]
 * [[Python/Pipx|pipx]]
 * [[Python/PyProject|pyproject.toml]]
 * [[Python/PyCompile|py_compile]]
 * [[Python/Six|six]]
 * [[Python/TimeIt|timeit]]
 * [[Python/TypeAnnotation|Type Annotation]]
 * [[Python/Unittest|unittest]]
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 * [[Python/Unittest|unittest]]


== Applications and Servers ==

 * [[Encryption/Certbot|certbot]]
 * [[Python/Django|Django]]
 * [[Python/Flask|Flask]]
 * [[Python/Gunicorn|Gunicorn]]
 * [[Python/IPython|IPython]]
 * [[Python/MoinMoin|MoinMoin]]
 * [[Python/Uwsgi|uWSGI]]
 * [[Python/Werkzeug|Werkzeug]]



== Language ==

 * [[Python/Builtins|Built-ins]]
 * [[Python/ContextManager|Context managers]]
 * [[Python/DunderMethod|Dunder methods]]
 * [[Python/FStrings|F-strings]]
 * [[Python/Generator|Generators]]
 * [[Python/FunctionComposition|Function composition]]
 * [[Python/StringMethods|String methods]]



== Parser Modules and Classes ==

This is a mixture of standard library modules and third-party modules.



=== Configuration Files ===

 * [[Python/ConfigParser|configparser]]

=== CSV ===

 * [[Python/Csv|csv]]

=== JSON ===

 * [[Python/Json|json]]

=== HTML ===

 * [[Python/HtmlParser|html.parser]]
 * [[Python/BeautifulSoup|Beautiful Soup]]

=== PDF ===

 * [[Python/Pdfminer|pdfminer]]

=== TOML ===

 * [[Python/TomlLib|tomllib]]

=== XML ===

 * [[Python/XmlSax|xml.sax]]
 * [[Python/XmlDomMinidom|xml.dom.minidom]]
 * [[Python/LxmlEtree|lxml.etree]]



== Standard Library Modules ==


 * [[Python/Base64|base64]]
 * [[Python/CMath|cmath]]
 * [[Python/Codecs|codecs]]
 * [[Python/Collections|collections]]
 * [[Python/CollectionsAbc|collections.abc]]
 * [[Python/ContextLib|contextlib]]
 * [[Python/Copy|copy]]
 * [[Python/DataClasses|dataclasses]]
 * [[Python/Datetime|datetime]]
 * [[Python/Decimal|decimal]]
 * [[Python/DiffLib|difflib]]
 * [[Python/Email|email]]
 * [[Python/Enum|enum]]
 * [[Python/FileCmp|filecmp]]
 * [[Python/Fractions|fractions]]
 * [[Python/FtpLib|ftplib]]
 * [[Python/FuncTools|functools]]
 * [[Python/GetPass|getpass]]
 * [[Python/ImapLib|imaplib]]
 * [[Python/Inspect|inspect]]
 * [[Python/IO|io]]
 * [[Python/IterTools|itertools]]
 * [[Python/Math|math]]
 * [[Python/Operator|operator]]
 * [[Python/Os|os]]
 * [[Python/OsPath|os.path]]
 * [[Python/PathLib|pathlib]]
 * [[Python/Pickle|pickle]]
 * [[Python/PopLib|poplib]]
 * [[Python/PPrint|pprint]]
 * [[Python/QuoPri|quopri]]
 * [[Python/Random|random]]
 * [[Python/Re|re]]
 * [[Python/ShUtil|shutil]]
 * [[Python/SmtpLib|smtplib]]
 * [[Python/Sqlite3|sqlite3]]
 * [[Python/Statistics|statistics]]
 * [[Python/Strings|strings]]
 * [[Python/Sys|sys]]
 * [[Python/TempFile|tempfile]]
 * [[Python/TkInter|tkinter]]
 * [[Python/Typing|typing]]
 * [[Python/UrlLib|urllib]]



== Third-Party Modules ==

 * [[Python/Jinja|Jinja]]
 * [[Python/Matplotlib|Matplotlib]]
 * [[Python/NumPy|NumPy]]
 * [[Python/Pandas|Pandas]]
 * [[Python/Pillow|Pillow]]
 * [[Python/Pygments|Pygments]]
 * [[Python/Requests|Requests]]
 * [[Python/SciPy|SciPy]]
 * [[Python/SqlAlchemy|SqlAlchemy]]



== Creating Libraries ==

 * [[Python/DunderFiles|Dunder Files]]
 * [[Python/SetupFiles|Setup Files]]

----



== See also ==

[[https://docs.python.org/3/reference/index.html|The Python Language Reference]]

[[https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html|The Python Standard Library]], the standard library reference manual

Python

The Python programming language is an interpreted, duck-typed language.

On most platforms, the interpreter is called by python(1). Some platforms distribute with version suffixes that may or may not be optional. The py(1) launcher is also available.


Example

A hello world program looks like:

def main():
    print("Hello, world")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

If using Python 2, the print command is instead a statement.

print "Hello, world"

To run the program, try:

python hello.py
# or
chmod 755 hello.py
./hello.py


Tool chain

Applications and Servers

Language

Parser Modules and Classes

This is a mixture of standard library modules and third-party modules.

Configuration Files

CSV

JSON

HTML

PDF

TOML

XML

Standard Library Modules

Third-Party Modules

Creating Libraries


See also

The Python Language Reference

The Python Standard Library, the standard library reference manual


CategoryRicottone

Python (last edited 2025-04-08 14:54:56 by DominicRicottone)