On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs: A Work Rant
On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs: A Work Rant was written by David Graeber in 2013. It was published digitally by STRIKE!. Find it at: https://strikemag.org/bullshit-jobs.
The author notes the Keynesian speculation that technological advances in efficiency would lead to reduced work hours. The author then speculates that this has not come to pass because "bullshit jobs" were created to fill the role. The author also provides anecdotal evidence that we need not define the categories of jobs that are bullshit; employees themselves recognize when their job is such.
The underlying theory is that the creation of these jobs is a form of class warfare; they prevent the emergence of a population that is not (or less) reliant on corporate employment and that has free time to consider class. The preferences of economic elite have distorted the labor market.
The author also produced Bullshit Jobs: A Theory in 2018. I expect this is a more substantial and formal declaration of the theory. Will have to read some day.
See also
It is Time to Rethink the "Bullshit Jobs"