Electron

An Application Template

main.js

const { app, BrowserWindow } = require("electron");
const path = require("path");

let win;
function init() {
  win = NewBrowserWindow({
    width: 800,
    height: 600,
    webPreferences: {
      contextIsolation: true,
      nodeIntegration: false,
      preload: path.join(__dirname, "preload.js")
    }
  });

  win.loadFile(path.join(__dirname, "index.html"));

  win.on("closed", () => {
    win = null;
  });
}

app.on("ready", init);

app.on("window-all-closed", () => {
  if (process.platform !== "darwin") {
    app.quit();
  }
});

app.on("activate", () => {
  if (win === null) {
    init()
  }
});

Menu Bar

The menu bar is composed of menus and sub-menus. Design a 'template' (see below) and have it built into a menu, then apply the menu to the application.

const { app, BrowserWindow, menu, shell } = require("electron");

const template = [
  {
    label: 'File',
    submenu: [
      {
        label: 'Exit',
        click() {
          app.quit()
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    label: 'Help',
    submenu: [
      {
        label: 'Learn More',
        click: async () => {
          await shell.openExternal('https://example.org');
        }
      }
    ]
  }
];

const menu = Menu.buildFromTemplate(template);
Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu);

The above example features two ways to define the corresponding action for a menu item, and it also demonstrates how an async function can be used.

Platform-Specific Menus

Using conditional logic and array unpacking, platform-specific menus can be maintained in the same codebase.

const { app, BrowserWindow, menu } = require("electron");
const isMac = process.platform === 'darwin';

const template = [
  ...(isMac ? [{
    label: app.name,
    submenu: [
      { role: 'about' },
      { role: 'quit' }
    ]
  }] : []),
  {
    label: 'File',
    submenu: [
      isMac ? { role: 'close' } : { role: 'quit' }
    ]
  }
];

Keyboard Shortcuts

Built-in Method

Follow the above example for menu items, but add an accelerator option to the corresponding menu item.

const { app, BrowserWindow, menu } = require("electron");

const template = [
  {
    label: 'File',
    submenu: [
      {
        label: 'Save',
        accelerator: 'CmdOrCtrl+S',
        click: saveFile()
      }
    ]
  }
]

electron-localshortcut

A simpler method is to use the electron-localshortcut package.

const { app, BrowserWindow } = require("electron");
const shortcut = require("electron-shortcut");

shortcut.register(win, "CmdOrCtrl+S", () => {
  saveFile();
});

Platform-Specific Shortcuts

Apople computers famously have a different keyboard. Unfortunately, those end users will expect the Command key to work like the Control key for everyone else.

The helper modifier CmdOrCtrl exists to simplify this need as shown in the above examples. Nonetheless, it is possible to re-invent the wheel.

const { app, BrowserWindow, menu } = require("electron");
const isMac = process.platform === 'darwin';

const template = [
  {
    label: 'File',
    submenu: [
      {
        role: 'Save File',
        accelerator: isMac ? 'Cmd+S' : 'Ctrl+S',
        click: saveFile()
      }
    ]
  }
]

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