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See also [[PartitionTablesSetup|this document]] for creating a partition table. See [[Linux/PartitionTables|here]] for creating a partition table.
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mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sdXN
# or
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The standard way to mount disks on startup is the '''fstab''' file. See [[Linux/fstab|here]] for details. See the [[Linux/FsTab|fstab(5)]] file.

File Systems

File systems are protocols for the organization of data. Compared to commercial operating systems, Linux is compatible with a large number of file systems.

See here for creating a partition table.

Contents

  1. File Systems
    1. Setup
      1. ext2 and ext3
      2. ext4
      3. FAT32
      4. MS-DOS
    2. Usage
      1. mount
      2. udisksctl
      3. fstab

Setup

Devices are referenced as sdXN, where X is the relevant interface letter and N is the relevant partition number.

ext2 and ext3

Don't.

ext4

Run as superuser: 

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXN

Consider disabling access time on secondary and storage drives. Setting this metadata isn't always helpful and carries a speed cost. 

# <device>                                <dir> <type> <options>        <dump> <fsck>
/dev/sdXN                                 /var  ext4   defaults,noatime 0      0

FAT32

The main advantage to FAT32 is it near-universal mount-ability. (Expect issues on a vanilla macOS environment!) The cost is performance, instability, and incompatibility with standard Linux file metadata.

Run as superuser: 

mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sdXN
# or
mkfs.vfat /dev/sdXN

MS-DOS

Run as superuser: 

mkdosfs /dev/sdXN

But you should also know that mkdosfs is a symlink to mkfs.vfat.

Usage

A file system is used by mounting it as a disk.

mount

To manually mount a volume, try: 

mount /dev/sdXN /mnt/DIR

You may need to specify the file system type, using the --types FSTYPE option.

If you run into persistent errors, try fsck /dev/sdXN to check for file system errors.

udisksctl

udisksctl wraps the udisks utility to aids in mounting devices.

Run udisksctl status to see an overview of all devices. A volume can be mounted or unmounted using udiscksctl mount -b /dev/sdXN and udiscksctl unmount -b /dev/sdXN,

fstab

See the fstab(5) file.

CategoryRicottone

Linux/FileSystems (last edited 2023-07-19 15:07:39 by DominicRicottone)