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| Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
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| For curly letters, as in what is used for [[Statistics/SigmaAlgebraNotation|sigma algebras]]: | For curly or calligraphic letters: |
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To render a word in a 'normal' font, as for named functions (e.g., [[Calculus/Divergence|div]]), try: {{{ \mathrm{div} }}} ---- == Spacing == To insert horizontal spacing, try: * `\quad` for 1em * `\qquad` for 2em * `\,` for 3mu; note that 18mu = 1em * `\:` for 4mu * `\;` for 5mu More generally, automated spacing in math mode is governed by these widths: * `\thinmuskip`, defaulting to 3mu * `\medmuskip`, defaulting to 4mu * `\thickmuskip`, defaulting to 5mu |
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| ||`\subseteq` ||⊆ || ||`\supset` ||⊃ || ||`\supseteq` ||⊇ || |
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| ||`\cdots` ||⋅⋅⋅ || ||`\ldots` ||... || ||`\langle` ||⟨ || ||`\rangle` ||⟩ || |
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| ||`\int_a^b` ||{{attachment:int.svg}} || | ||`\int_a^b` ||{{attachment:int1.svg}}|| ||`\iint\limits_D` ||{{attachment:int2.svg}}|| ||`\iiint\limits_D` ||{{attachment:int3.svg}}|| ||`\oint_C` ||{{attachment:oint.svg}}|| |
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| ||`\bigcap_{i \in s}` ||{{attachment:cap.svg}} || ||`\bigcup_{i \in s}` ||{{attachment:cup.svg}} || ||`\binom{n}{k}` ||{{attachment:bin.svg}} || |
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| \Big[ \big[ \left[ x + 1 \right] + 1 \big] + 1 \Big] | \Big[ \big[ [x + 1] + 1 \big] + 1 \Big] |
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There are also the `\left` and `\right` commands that grow parentheses or brackets as needed to fit the contents. These must always be paired. |
LaTeX Math
LaTeX offers the most comprehensive math markup of any software.
Contents
Usage
There are two ways to use math markup: inline math mode and display math mode.
An example of the inline style is \(a + bx = y\), whereas an example of display style is: \[ a + bx = y \]
Math Fonts
For curly or calligraphic letters:
\mathcal{O}
For blackboard letters, as in what is used for matrices:
\mathbb{X}
To render a word in a 'normal' font, as for named functions (e.g., div), try:
\mathrm{div}
Spacing
To insert horizontal spacing, try:
\quad for 1em
\qquad for 2em
\, for 3mu; note that 18mu = 1em
\: for 4mu
\; for 5mu
More generally, automated spacing in math mode is governed by these widths:
\thinmuskip, defaulting to 3mu
\medmuskip, defaulting to 4mu
\thickmuskip, defaulting to 5mu
Markup
Many symbols are available by name, or some contraction of the name.
Syntax |
Symbol |
\partial |
∂ |
\nabla |
∇ |
\infty |
∞ |
\varepsilon |
ε |
\varphi |
φ |
\forall |
∀ |
\times |
× |
\cdot |
⋅ |
\in |
∈ |
\subset |
⊂ |
\subseteq |
⊆ |
\supset |
⊃ |
\supseteq |
⊇ |
\cap |
∩ |
\cup |
∪ |
\neq |
≠ |
\pm |
± |
\lt |
< |
\leq |
≤ |
\gt |
> |
\geq |
≥ |
\approx |
≈ |
\perp |
⊥ |
\cdots |
⋅⋅⋅ |
\ldots |
... |
\langle |
⟨ |
\rangle |
⟩ |
Greek letters are available by name. Note that by default the lowercase letter is returned; capitalizing the name returns the uppercase letter. For example, \Phi gives Φ while \phi gives ϕ.
Many function notations are also available.
Syntax |
Appearance |
\frac{1}{2} |
|
\sum_{i=1}^{N} |
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\sum\nolimits_{i} |
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\prod_{i=1}^{N} |
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\lim_{x\to\infty} |
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\lim\nolimits_{x\to\infty} |
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\int_a^b |
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\iint\limits_D |
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\iiint\limits_D |
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\oint_C |
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f\vert_a |
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\bigcap_{i \in s} |
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\bigcup_{i \in s} |
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\binom{n}{k} |
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There are several sizes of parentheses, braces, and bars available. As a demonstration:
\Big( \big( (x + 1) + 1 \big) + 1 \Big) \Big[ \big[ [x + 1] + 1 \big] + 1 \Big] \Big| \big| |a| - |b| \big| - |c| \Big|
There are also the \left and \right commands that grow parentheses or brackets as needed to fit the contents. These must always be paired.