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'''Takako Doi''' ('''土井 たか子''') became party chairwoman in 1986. She pushed for greater inclusion of women in politics and government. The '''Madonna Boom''' of 1989 saw a record-breaking 12 women run for the Diet, all as JSP candidates. 11 of those 12 won their elections, and this was considered a great acheivement of gender equality. |
Social Democratic Party (Japan)
The Social Democratic Party (社会民主党) is one of the leading parties in modern Japanese elections. Prior to 1996, they were known as the Japan Socialist Party (日本社会党). They briefly held power in the proto-government under the GHQ occupation. They served as the opposition party for 38 years, and entered a series of coalition governments.
In part due to the unpopularity of those coalitions, the JSP experienced a ruinous loss of seats in the Japanese Diet, and has never recovered.
Contents
Postwar Period
Opposition
From 1955 to 1993, the LDP continuously held power. The JSP served as the opposition throughout.
Takako Doi (土井 たか子) became party chairwoman in 1986. She pushed for greater inclusion of women in politics and government. The Madonna Boom of 1989 saw a record-breaking 12 women run for the Diet, all as JSP candidates. 11 of those 12 won their elections, and this was considered a great acheivement of gender equality.
Coalition Government
Grand Coalition
In the August 1993 general election, the LDP lost enough seats for a grand coalition government to form. Morihiro Hosokawa (細川 護煕) led this government for 8 months, following which Tsutomu Hata (羽田 孜) led for 2 months.
Towards the end of that period, the JSP left the coalition, thereby depriving it of a majority. Prime Minister Hata resigned in June when the LDP and the SDP joined to form a new coalition, rather than face a vote of no confidence. The remaining coalition members came together to form the new opposition party, the New Frontier Party.
LDP Coalition
Party chairman Tomiichi Murayama (村山 富市) served as prime minister for 2 years.
The coalition was highly unpopular among leftist voters, leading to a significant loss of seats in the 1995 House of Councillors (参議院) election. Prime Minister Murayama resigned in January 1996, handing power back to the LDP under Ryutaro Hashimoto (橋本 龍太郎).
Sentiments among voters did not improve with LDP leadership. The party experienced a ruinous loss of seats in the October 1996 general elections. The SDP was dropped from the coalition.
Reformation
The JSP reformed as the SDP.