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Hungarian Monarchs

A history of Hungarian monarchs.

Note that Hungarian names are written as [Family name] [Given name].

Contents

Hungarian Monarchs

Kingdom of Hungary

Following the death of Grand Prince Geza, there was a succession war between his son St. Stephen I and Koppany. Stephen I won through the support of foreign powers, especially Swabian and/or Slovak knights and the Church. The Kingdom of Hungary was established by Holy Roman Emperor Otto III and/or Pope Sylvester II.

Over time Hungary expanded...

east into Transylvania
north into Bohemia and Moravia
west to the Dalmatian coast; from 1091 until 1095, and again after 1102, the kingdoms of Hungary and Croatia were held in union
south into Bosnia and Syrmia

St. Stephen I established bishoprics (especially the archdiocese of Esztergom) and an administrative system of counties. The kingdom would be organized by voivodeships (especially of Transylvania and Syrmia) and banates (especially of Croatia and Dalmatia, Slavonia, Macso, and Bosnia).

Hungary was pulled into the Byzantine Empire's influence in the 12th century, and then into the Holy Roman Empire's influence following the rise of the Ottoman Empire.

Division between Austrian Empire and Principality of Transylvania

Following the death of Louis II and the Ottoman conquest of Budapest, the kingdom of Hungary and Croatia was contested between the Habsburg Ferdinand I and the Szapolyai John I.

For the succession from Ferdinand I, see the Austrian Empire.

For the succession from John I, see the Principality of Transylvania.

Dynasties

Arpad

One of the founding Hungarian tribes, the Kingdom of Hungary was created around the Arpad dynasty.

Monarch	Local Name	Reign
St. Stephen I	Istvan	Jan. 1, 1001 - Aug. 15, 1038
Peter Orsoleo		1038 - 1041, 1044 - 1046
Andrew I	Andras	1046 - 1060
Bela I	Belo	1060 - 1063
Solomon	Salamon	1063 - 1074
Geza I		1074 - 1077
Ladislaus I	Laszlo	1077 - 1095
Coloman	Kalman	1095 - 1116
Stephen II	Istvan	1116 - 1131
Bela II	Belo	1131 - 1141
Geza II		1141 - 1162
Stephen III	Istvan	1162 - 1172
Ladislaus II	Laszlo	1162 - 1163
Stephen IV	Istvan	1163
Bela III	Belo	1172 - 1196
Emeric	Imre	1196 - 1204
Ladislaus III	Laszlo	1204 - 1205
Andrew II	Andras	1205 - 1235
Bela IV	Belo	1235 - 1270
Stephen V	Istvan	1270 - 1272
Ladislaus IV	Laszlo	1272 - 1290
Andrew III	Andras	1290 - 1301

In 1041, Peter Orsoleo was overthrown by Samuel. He reclaimed the kingdom three years later.

Aba

Samuel, who had married into the family of St. Stephen I, was a powerful ispan. He briefly overthrew Peter Orsoleo but was himself overthrown after three years.

Monarch	Reign
Samuel	1041 - 1044

Premyslid

After Andrew III died, the local nobility elected Wenceslaus over Charles I.

Monarch	Reign
Wenceslaus	1301 - 1305

Wenceslaus abdicated in favor of Otto. See also the Premyslid dynasty.

Wittelsbach

Monarch	Reign
Otto	1305 - 1307

More generally known as Otto III of Bavaria. In June 1307 he was captured and imprisoned by Ladislaus Kan, voivode of Transylvania and de facto was the oligarch of an autonomous Transylvania. Otto escaped later that year, and renounced his claim to the throne in the following year.

Angevin

The Capetian House of Anjou is a continuation of the Arpad dynasty by Mary, the sister of Ladislaus IV.

Monarch	Local Name	Reign
Charles I	Karoly Robert	1308 - July 16, 1342
Louis I	Lajos	July 21, 1342 - Sept. 10, 1382
Mary	Maria	Sept. 10, 1382 - May 17, 1395
Charles II		Dec. 31, 1385 - Feb. 24, 1386
Sigismund jure uxoris		Mar. 31, 1387 - Dec. 9, 1437

The crown was contested between Charles II, Mary, and Sigismund.

The Albertinian line of the Habsburgs inherited from Sigismund. See also the Luxembourg dynasty.

Habsburg

Mary left no heirs to the Angevin dynasty. The kingdoms passed to Albert II, the son-in-law of Sigismund.

Monarch	Reign
Albert II	Dec. 18, 1437 - Oct. 27, 1439
Ladislaus V	May 15, 1440 - Nov. 23, 1457

Ladislaus V was born months after the death of Albert II. Local nobility instead elected Wladyslaw I as king, but his death in 1444 cleared the way for Ladislaus V to finally inherit. He had a series of regents, chiefly his mother Elizabeth and John Hunyadi.

Jagiellon

Monarch	Local Name	Reign
Wladyslaw I	Ulaszlo	July 17, 1440 - Nov 10, 1444
Wladyslaw II	Ulaszlo	Sept. 18, 1490 - Mar. 13, 1516
Louis II	Lajos	Mar. 13, 1516 - Aug. 29, 1526

Wladyslaw I was elected king in 1440 over Ladislaus V, but he died shortly thereafter in battle against the Ottomans. See also the Polish Jagiellon dynasty.

Wladyslaw II was elected king following the death of Matthias I. See also the Bohemian Jagiellon dynasty.

Louis II was killed in the Ottoman conquest of Hungary.

Hunyadi

Monarch	Local Name	Reign
Matthias I	Matyas	Jan. 24, 1458 - Apr. 6, 1490

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+Note that Hungarian names are written as ''[Family name] [Given name]''.
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+Following the death of Grand Prince '''Geza''', there was a succession war between his son [[Hungary/StephenI|St. Stephen I]] and '''Koppany'''. Stephen I won through the support of foreign powers, especially Swabian and/or Slovak knights and the Church. The '''Kingdom of Hungary''' was established by [[Europe/HolyRomanEmpire|Holy Roman Emperor]] '''Otto III''' and/or Pope '''Sylvester II'''.

Over time Hungary expanded...

 * east into [[Romania/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Hungary|Transylvania]]
 * north into [[Czechia/Monarchs#Duchy_of_Bohemia|Bohemia]] and [[Czechia/Monarchs#Great_Moravia|Moravia]]
 * west to the [[Croatia/DalmatianCityStates|Dalmatian coast]]; from 1091 until 1095, and again after 1102, the kingdoms of Hungary and [[Croatia/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Hungary_and_Croatia|Croatia]] were held in union
 * south into [[BosniaHerzegovina/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Bosnia|Bosnia]] and [[Serbia/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Syrmia|Syrmia]]

St. Stephen I established bishoprics (especially the archdiocese of [[Hungary/Esztergom|Esztergom]]) and an administrative system of counties. The kingdom would be organized by voivodeships (especially of Transylvania and Syrmia) and banates (especially of Croatia and Dalmatia, Slavonia, Macso, and Bosnia).

Hungary was pulled into the Byzantine Empire's influence in the 12th century, and then into the Holy Roman Empire's influence following the rise of the Ottoman Empire.

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== Division between Austrian Empire and Principality of Transylvania ==

Following the death of '''Louis II''' and the Ottoman conquest of [[Hungary/Budapest|Budapest]], the kingdom of Hungary and Croatia was contested between the Habsburg '''Ferdinand I''' and the Szapolyai '''John I'''.

For the succession from Ferdinand I, see the [[Austria/Monarchs#Habsburg|Austrian Empire]].

For the succession from John I, see the [[Romania/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Hungary|Principality of Transylvania]].
-Line 23:
+Line 50:
-One of the founding Hungarian tribes, the Kingdom of Hungary was created around the Arpad Dynasty.
+One of the founding Hungarian tribes, the Kingdom of Hungary was created around the '''Arpad dynasty'''.
-Line 25:
+Line 52:
-From 1091 until 1095, and again after 1102, the Kingdoms of Hungary and [[Croatia/Monarchs#Kingdom_of_Hungary_and_Croatia|Croatia]] were held in union by consent of the nobility.
+||'''Monarch'''                     ||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''                 ||
||[[Hungary/StephenI|St. Stephen I]]||Istvan          ||Jan. 1, 1001 - Aug. 15, 1038||
||Peter Orsoleo                     ||                ||1038 - 1041, 1044 - 1046    ||
||Andrew I                          ||Andras          ||1046 - 1060                 ||
||Bela I                            ||Belo            ||1060 - 1063                 ||
||Solomon                           ||Salamon         ||1063 - 1074                 ||
||Geza I                            ||                ||1074 - 1077                 ||
||Ladislaus I                       ||Laszlo          ||1077 - 1095                 ||
||[[Hungary/Coloman|Coloman]]       ||Kalman          ||1095 - 1116                 ||
||Stephen II                        ||Istvan          ||1116 - 1131                 ||
||Bela II                           ||Belo            ||1131 - 1141                 ||
||Geza II                           ||                ||1141 - 1162                 ||
||[[Hungary/StephenIII|Stephen III]]||Istvan          ||1162 - 1172                 ||
||Ladislaus II                      ||Laszlo          ||1162 - 1163                 ||
||Stephen IV                        ||Istvan          ||1163                        ||
||Bela III                          ||Belo            ||1172 - 1196                 ||
||Emeric                            ||Imre            ||1196 - 1204                 ||
||Ladislaus III                     ||Laszlo          ||1204 - 1205                 ||
||Andrew II                         ||Andras          ||1205 - 1235                 ||
||[[Hungary/BelaIV|Bela IV]]        ||Belo            ||1235 - 1270                 ||
||Stephen V                         ||Istvan          ||1270 - 1272                 ||
||Ladislaus IV                      ||Laszlo          ||1272 - 1290                 ||
||Andrew III                        ||Andras          ||1290 - 1301                 ||
-Line 27:
+Line 76:
-||'''Monarch'''||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''||
||St Stephen I ||Istvan          || ||
||Peter Orsoleo||                || ||
||Andrew I     ||Andras          || ||
||Bela I       ||Belo            || ||
||Solomon      ||Salamon         || ||
||Geza I       ||                || ||
||Ladislaus I  ||Laszlo          || ||
||Coloman      ||Kalman          || ||
||Stephen II   ||Istvan          || ||
||Bela II      ||Belo            || ||
||Geza II      ||                || ||
||Stephen III  ||Istvan          || ||
||Bela III     ||Belo            || ||
||Emeric       ||Imre            || ||
||Ladislaus III||Laszlo          || ||
||Andrew II    ||Andras          || ||
||Bela IV      ||Belo            || ||
||Stephen V    ||Istvan          || ||
||Ladislaus IV ||Laszlo          || ||
||Andrew III   ||Andras          || ||
+In 1041, '''Peter Orsoleo''' was overthrown by '''Samuel'''. He reclaimed the kingdom three years later.



=== Aba ===

Samuel, who had married into the family of St. Stephen I, was a powerful ispan. He briefly overthrew Peter Orsoleo but was himself overthrown after three years.

||'''Monarch'''||'''Reign'''||
||Samuel       ||1041 - 1044||
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+Line 91:
-||'''Monarch'''||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''||
||Wenceslaus   ||Vencel          || ||
+After '''Andrew III''' died, the local nobility elected [[Czechia/WenceslausIII|Wenceslaus]] over [[Hungary/CharlesI|Charles I]].

||'''Monarch'''                       ||'''Reign'''||
||[[Czechia/WenceslausIII|Wenceslaus]]||1301 - 1305||

Wenceslaus abdicated in favor of '''Otto'''. See also the [[Czechia/Monarchs#Premyslid|Premyslid dynasty]].
-Line 60:
+Line 102:
-||'''Monarch'''||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''||
||Otto         ||                || ||
+||'''Monarch'''||'''Reign'''||
||Otto         ||1305 - 1307||

More generally known as ''Otto III of Bavaria''. In June 1307 he was captured and imprisoned by '''Ladislaus Kan''', voivode of Transylvania and ''de facto'' was the oligarch of an autonomous Transylvania. Otto escaped later that year, and renounced his claim to the throne in the following year.
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+Line 111:
-||'''Monarch'''                                  ||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''                  ||
||Charles I                                      ||Karoly Robert   ||                             ||
||Louis I                                        ||Lajos           ||                             ||
||Charles II                                     ||                ||Dec. 31, 1385 - Feb. 24, 1386||
||[[Hungary/Mary|Mary]]                          ||Maria           ||Sept. 10 1382 - May 17 1395  ||
||[[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]] ''jure uxoris''||                ||Mar. 31 1387 - Dec. 9 1437   ||
+The '''Capetian House of Anjou''' is a continuation of the Arpad dynasty by '''Mary''', the sister of '''Ladislaus IV'''.
-Line 74:
+Line 113:
-The crown was contested between Charles II, [[Hungary/Mary|Mary]], and [[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]].
+||'''Monarch'''                                  ||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''                   ||
||[[Hungary/CharlesI|Charles I]]                 ||Karoly Robert   ||1308 - July 16, 1342          ||
||Louis I                                        ||Lajos           ||July 21, 1342 - Sept. 10, 1382||
||[[Hungary/Mary|Mary]]                          ||Maria           ||Sept. 10, 1382 - May 17, 1395 ||
||Charles II                                     ||                ||Dec. 31, 1385 - Feb. 24, 1386 ||
||[[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]] ''jure uxoris''||                ||Mar. 31, 1387 - Dec. 9, 1437  ||

The crown was contested between '''Charles II''', [[Hungary/Mary|Mary]], and [[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]].

The Albertinian line of the Habsburgs inherited from [[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]]. See also the [[Czechia/Monarchs#Luxembourg|Luxembourg dynasty]].
-Line 80:
+Line 128:
-Mary left no heirs to the Hungarian line of the Angevin dynasty. Sigismund himself was the last male member of the Luxembourg dynasty. He left only one daughter with his second wife, who was married into the Habsburgs.
+[[Hungary/Mary|Mary]] left no heirs to the '''Angevin dynasty'''. The kingdoms passed to '''Albert II''', the son-in-law of [[Hungary/Sigismund|Sigismund]].
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+Line 130:
-||'''Monarch'''||'''Reign'''||
||Albert II    || ||
+||'''Monarch'''                     ||'''Reign'''                  ||
||Albert II                         ||Dec. 18, 1437 - Oct. 27, 1439||
||[[Hungary/LadislausV|Ladislaus V]]||May 15, 1440 - Nov. 23, 1457 ||
-Line 85:
+Line 134:
-Elisabeth as regent for her son Ladislaus the Posthumous
+[[Hungary/LadislausV|Ladislaus V]] was born months after the death of Albert II. Local nobility instead elected [[Poland/WladyslawIII|Wladyslaw I]] as king, but his death in 1444 cleared the way for Ladislaus V to finally inherit. He had a series of regents, chiefly his mother '''Elizabeth''' and [[Hungary/JohnHunyadi|John Hunyadi]].
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+Line 140:
-Władysław III
+||'''Monarch'''                      ||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''                   ||
||[[Poland/WladyslawIII|Wladyslaw I]]||Ulaszlo         ||July 17, 1440 - Nov 10, 1444  ||
||[[Czechia/Vladislaus|Wladyslaw II]]||Ulaszlo         ||Sept. 18, 1490 - Mar. 13, 1516||
||Louis II                           ||Lajos           ||Mar. 13, 1516 - Aug. 29, 1526 ||

[[Poland/WladyslawIII|Wladyslaw I]] was elected king in 1440 over [[Hungary/LadislausV|Ladislaus V]], but he died shortly thereafter in battle against the Ottomans. See also the Polish [[Poland/Monarchs#Jagiellon|Jagiellon dynasty]].

[[Czechia/Vladislaus|Wladyslaw II]] was elected king following the death of [[Hungary/MatthiasI|Matthias I]]. See also the Bohemian [[Czechia/Monarchs#Jagiellon|Jagiellon dynasty]].

'''Louis II''' was killed in the Ottoman conquest of Hungary.
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+Line 155:
-Matthias I (Mátyás)
+||'''Monarch'''                   ||'''Local Name'''||'''Reign'''                 ||
||[[Hungary/MatthiasI|Matthias I]]||Matyas          ||Jan. 24, 1458 - Apr. 6, 1490||



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