Quebec
Quebec City is the capital of the province of Quebec. It was also a colonial state.
Geography
The city was settled on the St. Lawrence. The name was borrowed from the Algonquin word Kébec (where the water narrows).
History
Canada
The city was founded by Samuel de Champlain on July 3, 1608. This was also the historic site of the Haudenosaunee city Stadacona, which had been abandoned in the 16th century.
Initially, all French colonies in the New World were governed as New France with Quebec City as a capital. Louis XIV was an absolutist monarch. He and his council dictated the civil, criminal, and trade code for the colony. From establishment, administrative power was granted to a single viceroy/governor; Richelieu served as the first.
In the 17th century, portions of New France were reallocated to separate governorships; Acadia, Hudson Bay, Terre-Neuve, and Louisiana. The colony centered on Quebec became known as Canada.
Province
Following the French and Indian War, Canada and Illinois Country were ceded to the British. The whole stretch of land was reorganized as the province of Quebec.
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Composition
Province
The modern province was established by the Constitution Act, 1867, splitting the province of Canada between Quebec and Ontario.
The lieutenant governor is the provincial viceroy representing the British crown. The office has existed continuously since 1867.
At establishment, Quebec had a bicameral legislature: an upper Legislative Council of 24 lieutenant governor-appointed members, and the lower Legislative Assembly. In 1968, Bill 90 abolished the upper house and renamed the now unicameral legislature to the National Assembly.
The 125 members of the assembly are elected from single-member districts.
The leader of the majority presides over provincial government as president (président).
By law, the electoral map is reassessed and adjusted every two elections. Redistricting is managed by the Commission de la représentation électorale (CRE). Notably, in September 2024, the legislature resolved to postpone redistricting after
City
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