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| See [[Bash/Looping|here]]. |
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| If used in an interactive shell, or when used in a script that is `source`d, causes the shell session to exit. | Causes a script or shell to exit immediately with a specified exit code. If used in an interactive shell, or when used in a script that is `source`d, causes the shell session to exit. That is likely not desireable; see [[#Return|return]] instead. |
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| Exit a login shell immediately. |
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| Renames the [[Bash/Variables#Positional_Variables|special positional variables]]. If `shift` is called with no argument, `$2` is renamed to `$1`, `$3` is renamed to `$2`, and so on. `shift N` causes `$N+1` to be renamed to `$N`, `$N+2` to be renamed to `$N+1`, and so on. |
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| See [[Bash/Alias|here]]. |
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| See [[Bash/ShellOptions|here]]. |
Builtin Commands
Contents
-
Builtin Commands
- :
- Alias
- Bg
- Bind
- Break
- Builtin
- Caller
- Cd
- Command
- CompGen
- Complete
- CompOpt
- Continue
- Declare
- Dirs
- Disown
- Echo
- Enable
- Eval
- Exec
- Exit
- Export
- Fc
- Fg
- GetOpts
- Hash
- Help
- History
- Jobs
- Kill
- Let
- Local
- LogOut
- MapFile
- PopD
- PrintF
- PushD
- Pwd
- Read
- ReadArray
- ReadOnly
- Return
- Set
- Shift
- ShOpt
- Source
- Test
- Time
- Trap
- TypeSet
- UnAlias
- UnSet
- Wait
:
Does nothing; arguments passed to it are expanded but immediately discarded.
Alias
See here.
Bg
Bind
Break
Builtin
Execute a builtin command. This is only useful when reimplementing a builtin but still need to call the original builtin within the function.
Caller
Cd
Change the current working directory to a new path. Can be a relative or absolute path, as well as the special . and .. directories.
Note the rules for tilde expansion when using the ~ symbol here.
cd - changes the current working directory to the previous working directory.
There is also special behavior around specifying nothing. cd is the same as cd ~.
Command
Execute a command. This can be useful to call a command when there is a function with the same name. It can also be used to determine if a command is locally available.
if ! command -v mypy >/dev/null 2>&1; then echo "cannot locate mypy; is it installed?" exit fi
CompGen
See here.
Complete
See here.
CompOpt
See here.
Continue
See here.
Declare
Dirs
Disown
Echo
Enable
Eval
Exec
Exit
Causes a script or shell to exit immediately with a specified exit code.
If used in an interactive shell, or when used in a script that is sourced, causes the shell session to exit. That is likely not desireable; see return instead.
Export
Marks one or more names as variables to be included in the environment of subsequently-called commands.
To set a variable and mark it simultaneously, try:
export varname="some value"
To instead export a function, use export -f funcname
Fc
Fg
GetOpts
Hash
Help
Prints helpful information about a builtin command.
help help
History
Jobs
Kill
Let
Local
Only valid within a function definition. See here.
LogOut
Exit a login shell immediately.
MapFile
PopD
PrintF
PushD
Pwd
Prints the current working directory.
Read
ReadArray
ReadOnly
Return
Only valid within a function definition. See here.
Set
See here.
Shift
Renames the special positional variables.
If shift is called with no argument, $2 is renamed to $1, $3 is renamed to $2, and so on.
shift N causes $N+1 to be renamed to $N, $N+2 to be renamed to $N+1, and so on.
ShOpt
See here.
Source
Aliased to ..
Test
Aliased to [.
See here.
Time
Trap
TypeSet
UnAlias
See here.
UnSet
See here.