= FreeBSD Packaging =

<<TableOfContents>>

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== Packages ==

Binary packages are managed by [[BSD/FreeBSD/Pkg|pkg]].

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== Ports ==

The '''ports''' source code tree offers software that is not supported with binary packages. It is a tree of [[Make|Makefiles]] that offers '''flavors''' of applications. For example, a program that can be extended with Python or Lua addons (like [[Vim|vim]]) will have a flavor for each version of those interpretters, so that the final binary is compiled against the correct ABI.



=== Portsnap ===

'''`portsnap(8)`''' is a ports helper. First, run `portsnap fetch && portsnap extract`. This downloads the hierarchy locally to `/usr/ports`.

To update the hierarchy, run `portsnap fetch && portsnap update`.



=== Git ===

Alternatively, clone the `git(1)` repository of the project.

{{{
pkg install git
git clone https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git /usr/ports

# or, clone a quarterly release
git clone https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git -b 2020Q3 /usr/ports
}}}

Subsequently, to update the repository, run:

{{{
# if using a quarterly branch, switch to the updated one
git -C /usr/ports switch 2020Q4

git -C /usr/ports pull
}}}



=== Subversion ===

Historically the project used a `svn(1)` repository. The process was:

{{{
pkg install subversion
svn checkout https://svn.FreeBSD.org/ports/head /usr/ports
}}}

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== Querying Software ==

Use `pkg version -l "<"` to list software that is out of date.

Use `pkg query --all '%o %n-%v %R' | grep -e 'unknown-repository'` to list installed ports.



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