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| '''Binary packages''' are managed with the `pkg(8)` package manager. To update installed packages, use `pkg update && pkg upgrade`. To add a package such as HAProxy, use `pkg install haproxy`. |
Binary packages are managed by [[BSD/FreeBSD/Pkg|pkg]]. |
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| The '''ports project''' maintains a hierarchy of Makefiles to compile a much larger variety of software on FreeBSD. | The '''ports''' source code tree offers software that is not supported with binary packages. It is a tree of [[Make|Makefiles]] that offers '''flavors''' of applications. For example, a program that can be extended with Python or Lua addons (like [[Vim|vim]]) will have a flavor for each version of those interpretters, so that the final binary is compiled against the correct ABI. |
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| The `portsnap(8)` exists to aid in maintaining ports. First, run `portsnap fetch && portsnap extract`. This downloads the hierarchy locally to `/usr/ports`. | '''`portsnap(8)`''' is a ports helper. First, run `portsnap fetch && portsnap extract`. This downloads the hierarchy locally to `/usr/ports`. |
FreeBSD Packaging
Packages
Binary packages are managed by pkg.
Ports
The ports source code tree offers software that is not supported with binary packages. It is a tree of Makefiles that offers flavors of applications. For example, a program that can be extended with Python or Lua addons (like vim) will have a flavor for each version of those interpretters, so that the final binary is compiled against the correct ABI.
Portsnap
portsnap(8) is a ports helper. First, run portsnap fetch && portsnap extract. This downloads the hierarchy locally to /usr/ports.
To update the hierarchy, run portsnap fetch && portsnap update.
Git
Alternatively, clone the git(1) repository of the project.
pkg install git git clone https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git /usr/ports # or, clone a quarterly release git clone https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git -b 2020Q3 /usr/ports
Subsequently, to update the repository, run:
# if using a quarterly branch, switch to the updated one git -C /usr/ports switch 2020Q4 git -C /usr/ports pull
Subversion
Historically the project used a svn(1) repository. The process was:
pkg install subversion svn checkout https://svn.FreeBSD.org/ports/head /usr/ports
Querying Software
Use pkg version -l "<" to list software that is out of date.
Use pkg query --all '%o %n-%v %R' | grep -e 'unknown-repository' to list installed ports.