= Apache =

'''`httpd(8)`''', also known as '''Apache''' or '''Apache2''', is one of the oldest and most extensible web servers. It has survived so long precisely because it is so extensible; system administrators have been able to continuously tune and upgrade the server for modern best practices.

<<TableOfContents>>

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== Installation ==

Most [[Linux]] and [[BSD]] distributions offer a package for `httpd(8)`, but it will be named differently across systems. The most common names are `apache` and `apache2`.

Supporting programs like `htpasswd(1)` are sometimes split into a separate package named like `apache2-utils`.



=== Containers ===

[[Docker]] container images are also available for the current version. The image is available from [[Docker/Hub|DockerHub]] as `docker.io/library/httpd` (or simply `httpd` when using `docker(1)` specifically).

Try:

{{{
docker run --detach --name my-apache \
  --publish 127.0.0.1:8080:80 \
  --mount type=bind,src=/path/to/web/root,dst=/usr/local/apache2/htdocs \
  httpd:2.4
}}}

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== Setup ==

For `systemd`-capable systems, [[Linux/Systemd|start and enable]] `httpd.service` or `apache2.service` (again, differing across systems).

For [[Linux/OpenRC#Usage|OpenRC-based systems]], start the `apache2` service and set it to start on boot.

Otherwise try:

{{{
service apache2 start
#also: stop, restart, and reload
}}}

For BSD distributions, try:

{{{
/usr/local/sbin/apachectl start
#also: stop, restart, and graceful
}}}

See `apachectl(8)` for more information.

To launch the server on startup, update `/etc/rc.conf`:

{{{
apache_enable="YES"
}}}

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== Configuration ==

=== Server ===

The server is configured by a central file. Distributions disagree about the correct location for this file. Try all of the following:

 * `/etc/apache2.conf`
 * `/etc/apache2/apache2.conf`
 * `/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf`
 * `/usr/local/etc/apache/httpd.conf`



=== Virtual Hosts ===

Virtual hosts are declared in domain-specific files. An example site configuration for a CGI script, such as [[CGit|cgit]].

{{{
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
  ServerName git.my-domain.com
 
  DocumentRoot /usr/share/cgit
  Alias / /usr/share/cgit/cgit.cgi

  <Document '/usr/share/cgit/'>
    Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
    Require all granted
    AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
    DirectoryIndex cgit.cgi
  </Document>
 
  ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
  CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
}}}



=== Encryption ===

See [[Apache/SSL|here]] for details.



=== Authentication ===

A document can be set to require authentication, except for a local network user.

{{{
<Document "/">
  AuthType Basic
  AuthName "Authentication Required"
  AuthUserFile /var/www/ftp-htpasswd
  <RequireAny>
    Require valid-user
    Require ip 192.168
    Require ip 10
  </RequireAny>
</Document>
}}}

This method of authentication is 'good-enough' for personal uses. It relies entirely on the traffic encryption (HTTP'''S''').



=== FastCGI ===

See [[Apache/FastCGI|here]] for details.

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== See also ==

[[https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/|Apache server documentation]]

[[https://man.archlinux.org/man/httpd.8|httpd(8)]]

[[Apache/FastCGI|Apache with FastCGI]]

[[Apache/SSL|Apache with SSL/TLS]]



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