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| The 'Old Reliable' of web servers--it's sometimes even vendored as `httpd`. Can be just as fast as [[NGINX]], as long as you have a few hundred years to figure out the optimized configuration. | '''`httpd(8)`''', also known as '''Apache''' or '''Apache2''', is one of the oldest and most extensible web servers. It has survived so long precisely because it is so extensible; system administrators have been able to continuously tune and upgrade the server for modern best practices. |
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Most Linux and BSD distributions offer a package for `httpd(8)`, but it will be named differently across systems. The most common names are `apache` and `apache2`. Supporting programs like `htpasswd(1)` are sometimes split into a separate package named like `apache-utils`. |
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| The server is configured in `/etc/apache2.conf`. This file requires little intervention, while site-specific configurations are included. | The server is configured by a central file. Distributions disagree about the correct location for this file. Try all of the following: |
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| * `/etc/apache2.conf` * `/etc/apache2/apache2.conf` * `/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf` * `/usr/local/etc/apache/httpd.conf` |
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| Virtual hosts are declared in domain-specific files. An example site configuration for a CGI script, such as [[CGit]]. | Virtual hosts are declared in domain-specific files. An example site configuration for a CGI script, such as [[CGit|cgit]]. |
Apache
httpd(8), also known as Apache or Apache2, is one of the oldest and most extensible web servers. It has survived so long precisely because it is so extensible; system administrators have been able to continuously tune and upgrade the server for modern best practices.
Contents
Installation
Most Linux and BSD distributions offer a package for httpd(8), but it will be named differently across systems. The most common names are apache and apache2.
Supporting programs like htpasswd(1) are sometimes split into a separate package named like apache-utils.
Configuration
Server
The server is configured by a central file. Distributions disagree about the correct location for this file. Try all of the following:
/etc/apache2.conf
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/usr/local/etc/apache/httpd.conf
Sites
Virtual hosts are declared in domain-specific files. An example site configuration for a CGI script, such as cgit.
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName git.my-domain.com
DocumentRoot /usr/share/cgit
Alias / /usr/share/cgit/cgit.cgi
<Document '/usr/share/cgit/'>
Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
Require all granted
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
DirectoryIndex cgit.cgi
</Document>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
Authentication
A document can be set to require authentication, except for a local network user.
<Document "/">
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Authentication Required"
AuthUserFile /var/www/ftp-htpasswd
<RequireAny>
Require valid-user
Require ip 192.168
Require ip 10
</RequireAny>
</Document>This method of authentication is 'good-enough' for personal uses. It relies entirely on the traffic encryption (HTTPS).